News Item

when our people become masters in their own country?

 

Indonesian Migrant Worker dies in Malaysia

An Indonesian migrant worker Munti Binti Bani has died on Monday after being hospitalized for several days due to alleged torture by her employees in Selangor, Malaysia.

Antara state news agency has reported that Munti had been treated at Tengku Ampuan Rahimah hospital since last Tuesday and died on Monday at 10 a.m, local time. Munti was found unconscious with her hands and feet were tied in a bathroom in Taman Sentosa housing complex last Tuesday. She was suffering from major wounds on her body and had apparently been beaten with iron.

Munti's body will be sent tomorrow to her hometown in Pondok Jeruk Barat village of Jombang, East Java after undergoing autopsy at the hospital. “We express our deep condolences as there is yet another worker who was tortured and passed away at the hospital,” Indonesia's Ambassador for Malaysia, Da'i Bachtiar said in Kuala Lumpur on Monday. “The Embassy will arrange for all compensation, including insurance, she deserves to receive,” Da'i said.

He added that Munti's employees Vanitha and Murugan had been detained and were undergoing questioning at the local police office. “We hope the police can uphold justice and punish them should they be proven to be involved in the case,” he said.

News Item:  is a factual text which informs the readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.

•          Social function of news item is: to inform readers, listeners or viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important
.

Generic structure:

•          Newsworthy Event(s):  recounts the events in summary form

•          Background Event(s):  elaborate what happened, to WHOM, in WHAT circumstances.

•          Sources:  comments by participants in, witnesses to, and expert on the event.

•          Significant Grammar Features:

•          Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline

•          Generally using Simple Past Tense

•          Use of Material Processes to retell the event

•          Using Action Verbs, e.g.: were, run, go, kill, etc.

•          Using Saying Verbs, e.g.: say, tell

•          Focus on Circumstances

•          Use of projecting Verbal Processes in Sources stages

•          There are some rules that can help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.

•          The passive voice is used without the appropriate form of “be”. 

 Example:  Town ‘Contaminated’

Complete Sentence:  Town is contaminated.

•          It is unusual to find complex forms, generally the simple present form is used

Example:  Fire Destroys over 2,511 acres of Forest in 2003-2004

Complete Sentence:  Fire has destroyed over 2,511 acres of forest in 2003-2004.

»        The present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.

 Example:  World Heading for Energy Crisis

Complete Sentence:  The world is heading for an energy crisis.

»        To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.

•          Example:   Queen to Visit Samoa.

•          Complete Sentence:  The Queen is going to visit Samoa.

»        Headlines are not always complete sentences.

Example:  More earthquakes in Japan.

Complete Sentence:  More earthquakes happened in Japan

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Introductory it

When the subject is an infinitive phrase, the sentence often begins with it. Instead of saying ‘To find fault with others is easy’, we say, ‘It is easy to find fault with others’. More examples are given below.

• It is easy to learn English. (More natural than ‘To learn English is easy’.)
• It was not easy to understand his motive.
• It may be advisable to consult a specialist.
• It could be dangerous to drive so fast.
• It was pleasant to sit on the beach.

However, when we want to emphasize the infinitive phrase, it may be put at the beginning especially if it is short.

• To err is human.
• To withdraw now will be sheer folly.

When the subject is a phrase that includes a gerund, it is used as a provisional subject to begin the sentence. Instead of saying ‘Your trying to deceive us is no good’, we may say ‘It is no good your trying to deceive us’.

• Will it be any good my talking to him about it?
• It is no use arguing with him.
• It won’t be much good complaining to the officer about it.

Note that the gerund can be changed into the infinitive.

• Will it be any good for me to talk to him about it?

When the subject is a clause, the sentence usually begins with it. Instead of saying ‘That she was once a famous artist is true’, we may say, ‘It is true that she was once a famous artist’.

• It does not matter whether he comes or not. (= Whether he comes or not does not matter.)
• It is doubtful whether he can pay the dues. (= Whether he can pay the dues is doubtful.)
• It cannot be denied that the doctors did their best to save his life. (= That the doctors did their best to save his life cannot be denied.)

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Passive Voice

Kalimat aktif merupakan kalimat yang subjek kalimatnya adalah pelaku sebuah tindakan, sedangkan kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya bukan pelaku suatu tindakan. Si subjek adalah si penerima akibat dari sebuah tindakan.

Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat berikut:

• Aktif : Susi mengetik surat ini kemarin
• Pasif : Surat ini diketik oleh Susi kemarin
• Aktif : Kucingku membunuh seekor tikus
• Pasif : Seekor tikus dibunuh oleh kucingku

Catatan:
Gunakan bentuk pasif jika pelaku tindakan tidak begitu penting.

Contoh:

• Menara ini dibangun tahun 1955

Kalau kita perlu menyebut siapa pelaku suatu tindakan, gunakan kata oleh (by)

Contoh:

• Menara ini telah dibangun oleh Pemerintah Daerah pada tahun 1955

Rumus umum untuk membentuk suatu kalimat Pasif

• Aktif : S + Verb (Kata Kerja) + Objek + dll
• Pasif : Objek + to be + Verb 3 (Kata Kerja Bentuk III) ( + by subjek) + dll

To be yang digunakan

1. Present : is, am, are
2. Past : was, were
3. Perfect : been (di depan have, has, atau had)
4. Future : be (setelah modals)
5. Continuous : being (di depan salah satu dari 7 to be di atas)

Hal-hal yang perlu diketahui dan diingat

1. Untuk menyatakan suatu kalimat dalam bentuk pasif, tenses tidak berubah. Tenses harus sama dengan kalau kita menyatakannya dalam bentuk aktif. Yang berubah hanya kata kerja-nya.
2. Kata kerja yang tidak memiliki objek (Kata Kerja Intransitif) tidak dapat diubah menjadi kalimat pasif, seperti, menangis, mendidih, terbit, dll.

Contoh-contoh kalimat aktif dan pasif

1. Jack sings a song (active)
2. A song is sung by Jack (Passive)

1. Jack sang a song yesterday (active)
2. A song was sung by Jack yesterday (passive)

1. Jack has sung a song (active)
2. A song has been sung by Jack (passive)

1. Jack will sing a song (active)
2. A song will be sung by Jack (passive)

1. Jack is singing a song (active)
2. A song is being sung by Jack (passive)

1. Jack can sing a song (active)
2. A song can be sung by Jack (passive)

Beberapa Bentuk Kalimat Passive
1) Passive Imperative Sentence

Rumus:

Let + objek + be + Kata Kerja Bentuk III

• Help the poor (active)
• Let the poor be helped (passive)

2) Passive Infinitive: It is/was time

Rumus:

It is/was time for + objek + to be + kata kerja III

• It is time to send the letter (active)
• It is time for the letter to be sent (passive)

3) Negative Passive Imperative Sentence

Rumus:

Subjek + be + Kata kerja III + not to + infinitive

(kata kerja III yang sering digunakan adalah: advised, asked, begged, commanded, requested)

• Don�t wait for me (active)
• You are advised not to wait for me (passive)

4) Passive Sentence with Verbs of Perception

Rumus
Subjek + be + adjectives + when + subjek + be + kata kerja III

(kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: taste, smell, feel)

• This food tastes delicious (active)
• This food is delicious when it is tasted (passive)

5) Passive Sentence with Certain Verbs followed by �that-clause�

Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: accept, admit, agree, assume, believe, decide, expect, find out, intend, plan, point out, presume, prove, regret, report, say, think, understand.

• We regretted that the principal had to resign from office (active)
• It was regretted that the principal had to resign from office (passive)

6) Passive Sentence with Nouns or Adjectives as Complements

• I consider her very pretty (active)
• She is considered very pretty (passive)

7) Passive Sentence with two objects

• He gave me a book (active)
• A book was given to me by him (passive 1)
• I was given a book by him (passive 2)

8) Passive Sentence with Gerund Verbs

• The teacher enjoyed teaching the students (active)
• The students enjoyed being taught by the teacher (passive)

9) Agent consisting long expression at the end of sentence

Dalam kalimat pasif, jika pelaku terdiri dari ekspresi yang panjang, sebaiknya subjek tersebut ditempatkan di akhir kalimat setelah by.

• We were all surprised by her sudden announcement to get married
• I was confused by his plan to stop the ongoing project and begin a new one.

10) Passive Sentence with unique verbs

Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: require, deserve, need

• This wall needs to be painted (sama dengan)
• This wall needs painting.

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Surprise and Disbeliefs

Surprise Meaning and Definition

• The act of coming upon, or taking, unawares; the act of seizing unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the fort was taken by surprise.
• To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to seize or capture by unexpected.
• To strike with wonder, astonishment, or confusion, by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to confound; as, his conduct surprised me. 
• Anything that causes such a state or emotion.

Surprises Meaning and Definition

• To encounter suddenly or unexpectedly; take or catch unawares.
• To attack or capture suddenly and without warning.
• To cause to fell wonder, astonishment, or amazement, as at something unanticipated.
• To cause (someone) to do or say something unintended.
• To elicit or detect through surprises.

 Disbelief Meaning and Definition

• The act of disbelieving; a state of the mind in which one is fully persuaded that an opinion, assertion, or doctrine is not true; refusal of assent, credit, or credence; denial of belief.
• Disbelief is refusal or reluctance to believe.

 To express surprise or disbelief:

• What a surprise!
• That's a surprise!
• (Well), that's very surprising!
• Really?
• What?
• Are you serious?
• You must be joking!
• You're kidding!
• Fancy that!
• I must say ... surprises me.
• I find that hard to believe.

 

 

When you got a surprising fact, you can say: 

• Do you know what?
• Believe it or not?
• You may not believe it, but ...
• Can you believe this?

 

Example of expressing:

• Surprise

       A: How can you say that?

       B: Well, that's the fact.

• Disbelieve

       A: I can't believe it!

       B: That's true

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Congratulation, Compliment and Gratitude

a.        Congratulations is an expression that we use to give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeeds in doing something.

Some expressions of congratulations:

·      Congratulations!

·      Congratulations on your success!

·      I must congratulate you.

·      Congrats! Finally, your dream comes true!

·      Please accept my warmest congratulations.

·      I’d like to be the first to congratulate you.

Expression of congratulations in special events:

·      Happy birthday!

·      Happy Lebaran Day/Happy led!

·      Merry Christmas!

·      Happy New Year!

·      Happy Valentine!

·      Happy anniversary!

b.        Compliment is an expression that we show or say to express/give praise. Some people use compliments to “butter up” somebody or to flatter in order to increase good will, for example:

·      On his/her general appearance

·      If you notice something new about the person’s appearance

·      When you visit someone’s house for the first time

·      When other people do their best

Some expressions of compliment:

·       What a nice dress!

·       You look great.

·       You look very nice/beautiful/handsome.

·       I really must express my admiration for your dance.

·       Good grades!

·       Excellent!

·       Nice work!

·       Good job!

c.         Gratitude is an expression that we show or say to express grateful feeling to other people. When speaking English, you say “thanks” very often. Please say “thank you” when people give you something, help you do something, wish you something and give you a compliment etc.

Some expression of gratitude:

·      Thank you very much

·      Thank you for your help

·      I’m really very grateful to you

·      You’re welcome

·      Don’t mention it

·      It’s a pleasure / My pleasure

·      I want to express my gratitude to (my teacher, my father, etc)

·      I am grateful to your help

Responding gratitude:

·      It was the least I could do.

·      You’re welcome

·      No big deal.

·      Don’t mention it.

·      It’s a pleasure.

·      That’s alright.

·      Any time.

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Happiness Expressions

Happiness Expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have exited felings.

• Express Happiness Formal

- I’m happy - Oh, I’m so happy
- I’m (very) pleased - I can’t say how pleased I’m
- Delighted - I’m really happy
- Great - It’s a sensational trip
- Terrific - It’s an outstanding adventure
- Fantastic - It’s an interesting experience
- Exciting - I’m happy to hear that
- Super - It give me great pleasure

Example dialoge  :
Panjul: I’m very happy now, because I’m will leave for Singapore.
Usro : I’m so happy to your listen.
Palui   : Tanks Usro...
Usro : Your welcome
We can expressing happiness with :
Word.
Gesture.

Kind of expressing happiness :
I like.
I love.
I’m satisfied with…………..
I’m pleased with………….
Congratulation.
I’m very happy because………..

Well done.
That’s fantastic!
That’s good!
That’s great!
That’s wonderful!
That’s exciting.
I’m so happy for you.
I’m happy to hear that.
I’m glad to know that.
I’m so happy to know it.
My happiness for you.
I’m very happy for you.
My deep impression for you both.
You make me happy.
How happy you must be!
How happy you are! 

The Happy Expression: Signs of Happy Smiles and Deliberate Smiles

A. From infancy to old age, smiling is a stable indicator of a happy emotion in the images above. Each happy expression shows signs of actual joy.	B. Images A-F show oblique raising of the lip corners, and wrinkling and bulging of the cheeks that is characteristic of smiling in a happy expression.	C. The images above also show the narrowing of the eyelids, crowsfeet wrinkling at the corners of the eyes, and raising of the outer, upper area of the cheeks, indicating actual happiness.
D. The models in the images in the second row are smiling for the camera, and show some of the clues to detecting fake happy expressions: lack of an action or inappropriate additional actions.	E. Images D and E show the appropriate raising of the lip corners (smile), but lack the degree of narrowing of the eyelids and crowsfeet wrinkling that unite with the smile to indicate an actual happy emotion .	F. The model directly above shows additional muscle actions that are not part of a happy smile: laterally stretched lips and tensed neck, and raised eyebrows. The cheeks are also not raised sufficiently to form crowsfeet wrinkles.

 

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Vocabs Shapes and Parts of Body

The picture is part of our bodies and shapes. 

1. Shapes

*) Simple Straight Sided Shapes

Example : Rectangle (Persegi Panjang), Square (Persegi), Triangle (Segitiga).

*) Simple Rounded Shapes

Example : Circle (Lingkaran), Oval (Oval/Lonjong).

*) Types of Triangle

Example : Equilateral Triangle (Segitiga Sama Kaki), Isosceles Triangle (Segitiga Sama Sisi), Rightangled Triangle (Segitiga Siku-Siku).

*) 2D and 3D Shapes

Example : Cone (Kerucut), Cube (Kubus), Cylinder (Tabung), Pyramid (Limas), Rectangular (Balok), Prism (Prisma), Sphere (Bola).

*) Mathematical Shapes

Example ; Parallelogram (Jajargenjang), Pentagon-5 sides (Segi 5), Hexagon-6 sides (Segi 6), Octagen-8 sides (Segi 8).

*) Miscellaneous Shapes

Example ; Coffin, Diamond (Belah Ketupat), Heart (Hati), Kite (Layang-layang), Petal, Shell (Kerang/Tiram), Star (Bintang), Teardrop.

 

 

2.TheHumanBody

ankle | arm | chest | foot | hand | knee leg | neck | shoulder	back | bottom | calf | elbow | head heel | thigh
Close up on the foot	Close up on the hand
ankle | big toe | heel | little toe | toenail	index finger | knuckle | fingernails little finger | middle finger ring finger | thumb | wrist

Build Up

Inside the Body - Simple Anatomy

bladder	The organ inside the body of a person, where urine is stored before it leaves the body.
brain	The organ inside the head that controls thought, memory, feelings and activity.
digestive system	The organs in your body that digest food.
ear	The ear is made up of three different sections: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. These parts all work together so you can hear and process sounds.
eye	'The eyes takes in information about the world around you - shapes, colours, movement, and more. Then they send the information to your brain.
heart	The heart sends blood around the body. The blood provides oxygen and nutrients to the body.
kidney	One of the main jobs of the kidneys is to filter the waste out of the blood.
liver	A large organ in the body which cleans the blood and produces bile (a bitter yellow liquid which helps to digest fat).
lungs	The lungs are one of the largest organs in the body, they work with the respiratory system to take in fresh air, and get rid of stale air.
mouth	The opening in the face which consists of the lips and the space between them, or the space behind which contains the teeth and the tongue.
skeleton	The frame of bones that support the body.
spine	The line of bones down the centre of the back that provides support for the body.
teeth	The hard white objects in the mouth, which are used for biting and chewing.
tooth	(see above)
urinary tract	The parts of the body which produce and carry urine.

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